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United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan
The United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) is the governmental response to the Convention on Biological Diversity opened for signature at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992. The UK was the first country to publish a national Biodiversity Action Plan in 1994.〔 (The UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP) 1992–2012 )〕
Following the creation of the UK BAP, devolution, in 1998, led the four countries of the UK (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales) to develop their own country strategies for biodiversity and the environment.
There are also Local BAPs (LBAPs).〔(Cumbria biodiversity action plan )〕 In 2012 the UK BAP was succeeded by the 'UK Post-2010 Biodiversity Framework', but the work identifying priority species and habitats remains relevant.〔(UK Post-2010 Biodiversity Framework ), Natural England〕
1,150 species and 65 habitats were identified as needing conservation and greater protection and were covered by UK BAPs. The updated list included the hedgehog, house sparrow, grass snake and the garden tiger moth, while otters, bottlenose dolphins and red squirrels remained in need of habitat protection.〔(BBC NEWS, Hedgehogs join 'protection' list )〕
== Priority habitats ==
*Rivers
*Oligotrophic and dystrophic Lakes
*Ponds
*Mesotrophic lakes
*Eutrophic standing waters
*Aquifer fed naturally fluctuating water bodies
*Arable field margins
*Hedgerows
*Traditional orchards
*Wood-pasture and parkland
*Upland oakwood
*Lowland beech and yew woodland
*Upland mixed ashwoods
*Wet woodland
*Lowland mixed deciduous woodland
*Upland birchwoods
*Native pine woodlands
*Lowland dry acid grassland
*Lowland calcareous grassland
*Upland calcareous grassland
*Lowland meadows
*Upland hay meadows
*Coastal and floodplain grazing marsh
*Lowland heathland
*Upland heathland
*Upland flushes, fens and swamps
*Purple moor grass and rush pastures
*Lowland fens
*Reedbeds
*Lowland raised bog
*Blanket bog
*Mountain heaths and willow scrub
*Inland rock outcrop and scree habitats
*Calaminarian grasslands
*Open mosaic habitats on previously developed land
*Limestone pavement
*Maritime cliff and slopes
*Coastal vegetated shingle
*Machair
*Coastal sand dunes
*Intertidal chalk
*Intertidal boulder communities
*Sabellaria alveolata reefs
*Coastal saltmarsh
*Intertidal mudflats
*Seagrass beds
*Sheltered muddy gravels
*Peat and clay exposures
*Subtidal chalk
*Tide-swept channels
*Fragile sponge & anthozoan communities on subtidal rocky habitats
*Estuarine rocky habitats
*Seamount communities
*Carbonate mounds
*Cold-water coral reefs
*Deep-sea sponge communities
*Sabellaria spinulosa reefs
*Subtidal sands and gravels
*Horse mussel beds
*Mud habitats in deep water
*File shell beds
*Maerl beds
*Serpulid reefs
*Blue mussel beds
*Saline lagoons
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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